What is a vulval/vaginal biopsy?
A biopsy is a small procedure whereby one or more samples of tissue are taken from the vulva or vaginal area for further testing.
Why is a vulval/vaginal biopsy needed?
A biopsy is done to determine why you may have experienced itching, redness, swelling or changes in colour to your vulva or vagina. It may also be done if you have a lump or a sore in that area.
What happens during the procedure?
The biopsy area will be cleaned with an antiseptic liquid.
After cleaning the area, a small amount of local anaesthetic will be injected using a fine needle to numb the area. This may sting briefly, but you should feel only mild discomfort and pressure after this.
One or more small pieces of tissue will be removed and sent to the laboratory for analysis.
If you require stitches, dissolvable stitches will be used. This type of stitch does not need to be removed. It is usual for them to have fallen out about a fortnight after they were put in.
What should I do to prepare for the procedure?
No preparation is required but you may wish to take some simple painkillers 1 hour before the biopsy appointment time as some people find this helps with the discomfort.
What should I do if I am on my period?
The procedure can be carried out if you are on your period, however, if you prefer to rebook, please phone the unit on 01253 953995.
What are the risks?
There is no significant risk but there is a small risk of bleeding and infection.
What should I expect during recovery?
After the local anaesthetic wears off you may feel a little sore. Please take simple painkillers if you wish.
It is not unusual for there to be some slight bleeding, this is nothing to be alarmed about.
Keep the area as clean and dry as possible. You may bathe or shower as you wish after the procedure, but avoid the use of any gels, bubbles or oils. Aqueous cream is a special type of moisturiser which may be used instead of soap, and is available without a prescription. Afterwards pat rather than rub the area dry with a clean towel or use a hairdryer on a cool setting.
If there is a stinging sensation when you use the toilet, you may apply a barrier cream. These are widely available at pharmacies.
Please refrain from exercise and intercourse until the area has healed. This timescale may vary you will be informed after your procedure.
If there is swelling, redness, or you feel you have a fever or a foul smelling discharge please contact your GP or practice nurse promptly.
When should I expect the biopsy results?
It can take up to 4 weeks to get your results. You will be contacted by letter as soon as possible.
If you have any anxieties, concerns or problems relating to your procedure please contact the Gynaecology Day Suite directly on 01253 953995.
Leaflet Number PL996
Author Adele Whitehead
Review Date 01/08/2026
